States and Capitals of India 2024:- India, a vast nation, boasts diverse regions. Following its independence in 1947, India underwent a significant reorganization into states and union territories. Presently, India comprises 28 states and 8 union territories, each imbued with its unique culture and identity. The formation of states varied, notably marked by a major restructuring in 1956, aligning states with predominant languages spoken therein. This restructuring facilitated the establishment of new states and capitals. Subsequent adjustments to state boundaries were made in response to evolving societal needs and preferences.
This article serves as a comprehensive guide to India’s states and capitals, elucidating their formation and significance. It delves into the post-independence creation of new states and examines the role of union territories, which fall under the direct governance of the central government. In essence, this article offers insight into India’s diverse landscape, covering its states, capitals, and union territories, providing historical context and highlighting their distinctiveness.
States & Capitals of India
Main Contents
- States & Capitals of India
- States and Capitals of India Overview
- List of States & Capitals of India
- 8 (UTs ) Union Territories & Capital 2024
- List of States Established Post-1947 in Independent India
- Jammu and Kashmir (1948)
- Uttar Pradesh (1950)
- Bihar (1950)
- Assam (1950)
- Orissa (1950)
- Tamil Nadu (1950)
- Andhra Pradesh (1956)
- Madhya Pradesh (1956)
- Kerala (1956)
- Karnataka (1956)
- Maharashtra (1960)
- Gujarat (1960)
- Nagaland (1963)
- Punjab (1966)
- Himachal Pradesh (1971)
- Manipur (1972)
- Meghalaya (1972)
- Tripura (1972)
- Sikkim (1975)
- Goa (1987)
- Arunachal Pradesh (1987)
- Mizoram (1987)
- Chhattisgarh (2000)
- Jharkhand (2000)
- Uttarakhand (2000)
- Telangana (2014)
- Conclusion
- FAQ’s
India ranks as the 7th largest country globally by land area. Its distinctiveness lies in the array of states and union territories it comprises, each contributing to India’s unique identity. In this article, we delve into the states and capitals of India, exploring those formed post-independence. A significant restructuring occurred in 1956, aligning states based on linguistic criteria through the State Reorganisation Act, resulting in the creation of numerous new states and capitals. Additionally, we provide insights into India’s union territories and their capitals. Let’s explore further.
States and Capitals of India Overview
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List of States & Capitals of India
Following India’s independence, the nation initially comprised a limited number of states. However, as India progressed and expanded, it transformed into a country consisting of 28 states and 8 Union Territories, each with its distinct culture and identity. Below, you’ll find a comprehensive list of all the states in India along with their respective capitals.
| S.NO | State | Capital | CM | Governor |
| 1 | Andhra Pradesh | Amaravati | YS Jagan Mohan Reddy | Biswa Bhusan Harichandan |
| 2 | Arunachal Pradesh | Itanagar | Pema Khandu | B. D. Mishra |
| 3 | Assam | Dispur | Himanta Biswa Sarma | Jagdish Mukhi |
| 4 | Bihar | Patna | Nitish Kumar | Phagu Chauhan |
| 5 | Chhattisgarh | Raipur | Vishnu Deo Sai | Sushri Anusuiya Uikey |
| 6 | Goa | Panaji | Pramod Sawant | P.S. Sreedharan Pillai |
| 7 | Gujarat | Gandhinagar | Bhupendra Patel | Acharya Dev Vrat |
| 8 | Haryana | Chandigarh | Nayab Singh Saini | Bandaru Dattatraya |
| 9 | Himachal Pradesh | Shimla | Sukhvinder Singh Sukhu | Rajendra Vishwanath Arlekar |
| 10 | Jharkhand | Ranchi | Champai Soren | Ramesh Bais |
| 11 | Karnataka | Bengaluru | Siddaramaiah | Thaawarchand Gehlot |
| 12 | Kerala | Thiruvananthapuram | Pinarayi Vijayan | Arif Mohammed Khan |
| 13 | Madhya Pradesh | Bhopal | Mohan Yadav | Mangubhai Chhaganbhai Patel |
| 14 | Maharashtra | Mumbai | Eknath Shinde | Ramesh Bais |
| 15 | Manipur | Imphal | N. Biren Singh | La. Ganesan |
| 16 | Meghalaya | Shillong | Conrad Kongkal Sangma | Brig. (Dr.) B. D. Mishra |
| 17 | Mizoram | Aizawl | Lalduhoma | Kambhampati Haribabu |
| 18 | Nagaland | Kohima | Neiphiu Rio | Jagdish Mukhi |
| 19 | Odisha | Bhubaneswar | Naveen Patnaik | Ganeshi Lal |
| 20 | Punjab | Chandigarh | Bhagwant Singh Mann | Banwarilal Purohit |
| 21 | Rajasthan | Jaipur | Bhajan Lal Sharma | Kalraj Mishra |
| 22 | Sikkim | Gangtok | PS Golay | Ganga Prasad |
| 23 | Tamil Nadu | Chennai | M. K. Stalin | R. N. Ravi |
| 24 | Telangana | Hyderabad | Anumula Revanth Reddy | Tamilisai Soundararajan |
| 25 | Tripura | Agartala | Dr. Manik Saha | Satyadeo Narain Arya |
| 26 | Uttar Pradesh | Lucknow | Yogi Aditya Nath | Anandiben Patel |
| 27 | Uttarakhand | Dehradun | Pushkar Singh Dhami | Lt. Gen. Gurmit Singh |
| 28 | West Bengal | Kolkata | Mamata Banerjee | Dr. C.V. Ananda Bose |
8 (UTs ) Union Territories & Capital 2024
In addition to the 28 states, India also comprises 8 union territories. Union territories are governed directly by the Central government through a Lieutenant Governor. Among these, only two union territories, namely New Delhi and Puducherry, have legislative assemblies and Chief Ministers. Below is the list of all eight union territories along with their capitals.
| S.NO | Union Territories | Capital | CM | Lt. Governor |
| 1 | Andaman and Nicobar Island | Port Blair | NA | D K Joshi |
| 2 | Chandigarh | Chandigarh | NA | Banwarilal Purohit |
| 3 | Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu | Daman | NA | Praful Patel |
| 4 | Delhi | Delhi | Arvind Kejriwal | Vinai Kumar Saxena |
| 5 | Ladakh | NA | NA | Radha Krishna Mathur |
| 6 | Lakshadweep | Kavaratti | NA | Praful Patel |
| 7 | Jammu and Kashmir | NA | NA | Manoj Sinha |
| 8 | Puducherry | Pondicherry | N. Rangaswamy | Dr. Tamilisai Soundararajan |
List of States Established Post-1947 in Independent India
Below is a summary table outlining the states established after 1947 in independent India:
| State | Year Formed | Details |
| Jammu and Kashmir | 1948 | Merged into the Indian Union after signing the Instrument of Accession; Ladakh and Jammu and Kashmir became separate union territories in 2019. |
| Uttar Pradesh | 1950 | Formerly known as United Province, reorganized and renamed Uttar Pradesh in 1950. |
| Bihar | 1950 | Formed as a full state on 26 January 1950; Jharkhand was later carved out from Bihar in 2000. |
| Assam | 1950 | Gained state status on 26 January 1950; reorganized from a British province to a full state. |
| Odisha (Orissa) | 1950 | Made a separate province on 1 April 1936 and became a state on 26 January 1950; renamed Odisha in 2011. |
| Tamil Nadu | 1950 | Formerly Madras Presidency; reorganized as a state in 1950 and renamed Tamil Nadu in 1969. |
| Andhra Pradesh | 1956 | Formerly part of Madras State; became a separate state on 1 November 1956; Telangana was carved out of it in 2014. |
| Madhya Pradesh | 1956 | Formed on 1 November 1956; Chhattisgarh was separated from it in 2000. |
| Kerala | 1956 | Merged former states of Travancore, Cochin, and Malabar to form Kerala on 1 November 1956. |
| Karnataka | 1956 | Originally Mysore State; renamed Karnataka in 1973; formed on 1 November 1956. |
| Maharashtra | 1960 | Formed along with Gujarat from Bombay Province on 1 May 1960. |
| Gujarat | 1960 | Separated from Bombay Presidency and formed as an independent state on 1 May 1960. |
| Nagaland | 1963 | Became a state on 1 December 1963, separated from Assam. |
| Punjab | 1966 | Formed after the merger of Patiala and other princely states; Haryana was separated from it in 1966. |
| Himachal Pradesh | 1971 | Formed on 25 January 1971; initially a union territory, it gained statehood later. |
| Manipur | 1972 | Became a state on 21 January 1972 after being a union territory since 1956. |
| Meghalaya | 1972 | Originally an autonomous state within Assam; became a separate state on 21 January 1972. |
| Tripura | 1972 | Transitioned from a union territory to a state on 21 January 1972. |
| Sikkim | 1975 | Merged with the Indian Union on 16 May 1975, becoming a full state. |
| Goa | 1987 | Liberated from Portuguese rule in 1961, became a union territory; formed as a state on 30 May 1987. |
| Arunachal Pradesh | 1987 | Initially a union territory in 1972, became a state in 1987. |
| Mizoram | 1987 | Declared a full state on 20 February 1987, after being a district of Assam and later a union territory. |
| Chhattisgarh | 2000 | Separated from Madhya Pradesh on 1 November 2000. |
| Jharkhand | 2000 | Formed from Bihar on 15 November 2000. |
| Uttarakhand | 2000 | Initially named Uttaranchal; formed from districts of Uttar Pradesh; renamed Uttarakhand in 2007. |
| Telangana | 2014 | Formed on 2 June 2014 from the north-western part of Andhra Pradesh. |
When the British departed from India, the nation was fragmented into two parts and numerous princely states. The Indian government faced the monumental task of integrating these states into the nation to uphold the country’s unity. The Instrument of Accession played a crucial role in this process. However, post-Independence, significant changes occurred, resulting in the formation of several new states and alterations to state boundaries. Presented below is a compilation of all the states established after 15th August 1947.
Jammu and Kashmir (1948)
The ruler of this region signed the “Instrument of Accession,” integrating the territory into the Indian Union. The process of merger with the Indian Union was finalized for Jammu and Kashmir in 1956. Presently, this region has undergone division, and since August 2019, Ladakh and Jammu and Kashmir have become distinct union territories.
Uttar Pradesh (1950)
Renowned as the domain of a formidable empire, this state was formerly recognized as the United Province until its transformation into Uttar Pradesh in 1950. The United Province was forged by amalgamating the Awadh and Agra regions.
Bihar (1950)
This Bihar state was established by the British on 22nd March 1912; however, it attained full statehood on 26th January 1950. In 2000, it underwent further division, leading to the creation of a new state called Jharkhand.
Assam (1950)
Assam came under British protection in 1826 and was delineated from Bengal in 1874. In 1912, it was restructured as the Assam province under British governance. Greater Assam encompassed Meghalaya, Nagaland, and Mizoram. Achieving the status of a full state on 26th January 1950 marked a significant milestone for Assam.
Orissa (1950)
Originating as a distinct province on April 1, 1936, Orissa attained statehood in 1950. It was renamed Odisha in 2011.
Tamil Nadu (1950)
The former Madras Presidency transitioned into a state in 1950 and was rechristened Tamil Nadu in 1969.
Andhra Pradesh (1956)
Granted statehood on November 1, 1956, Andhra Pradesh was previously a part of Madras State. Telangana was carved out from it on June 2, 2014.
Madhya Pradesh (1956)
Established in 1956, Madhya Pradesh, renowned for diamond mining in Panna district, underwent division in 2000, giving rise to Chhattisgarh.
Kerala (1956)
Merging the former states of Travancore, Cochin, and Malabar, Kerala was formed on November 1, 1956.
Karnataka (1956)
Originally named Mysore State on November 1, 1956, it encompassed all Kannada-speaking areas before being renamed Karnataka in 1973.
Maharashtra (1960)
Maharashtra and Gujarat emerged as independent states on May 1, 1960, following the division of the Bombay Province.
Gujarat (1960)
Notable for Asiatic lions, Gujarat was separated from the Bombay Presidency and established as an independent state on May 1, 1960.
Nagaland (1963)
Attaining statehood on December 1, 1963, Nagaland was separated from Assam.
Punjab (1966)
Formed by merging the princely state of Patiala with eight others, Punjab saw the creation of Haryana as an independent state in 1966.
Himachal Pradesh (1971)
Merging 30 princely states in 1950 and declared a Union Territory in 1956, Himachal Pradesh attained full statehood on January 25, 1971.
Manipur (1972)
Achieving independence alongside India in 1947, Manipur became a union territory in 1956 and a full-fledged state on January 21, 1972.
Meghalaya (1972)
Initially an autonomous state within Assam in 1970, Meghalaya became a separate state on January 21, 1972.
Tripura (1972)
Surrounded by Bangladesh on three sides, Tripura transitioned from a union territory to an independent state in 1972.
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Sikkim (1975)
Merging with the Indian Union on May 16, 1975, Sikkim, the second smallest Indian state, is celebrated as the organic state.
Goa (1987)
Liberated from Portuguese rule by the Indian Army in 1961, Goa became a union territory and later a state on May 30, 1987.
Arunachal Pradesh (1987)
Gaining union territory status in 1972 and statehood in 1987, Arunachal Pradesh emerged as an independent state alongside Itanagar.
Mizoram (1987)
Bestowed with statehood on February 20, 1987, Mizoram, initially a district of Assam, resisted its designation as a Union Territory in 1972 before achieving full state status.
Chhattisgarh (2000)
Separated from Madhya Pradesh on November 1, 2000, Chhattisgarh became an independent state.
Jharkhand (2000)
Carved out of Bihar, Jharkhand achieved statehood on November 15, 2000.
Uttarakhand (2000)
Initially named Uttaranchal and rechristened Uttarakhand in 2007, the state was formed by incorporating districts from Uttar Pradesh.
Telangana (2014)
Emerging as the 29th state on June 2, 2014, Telangana was delineated from districts of Andhra Pradesh.
Conclusion
In 2024, India stands as a mosaic of 28 states and 8 union territories, each contributing to the nation’s rich cultural tapestry. From the historic lands of Uttar Pradesh to the serene backwaters of Kerala, and the bustling streets of Delhi, each state and union territory encapsulates its unique heritage and identity. As India continues to evolve, these diverse regions remain integral to the nation’s vibrant tapestry, reflecting its unity in diversity and commitment to progress.
FAQ’s
What is 28 states and 8 union territories?
Situated in South Asia, India ranks as the seventh-largest country globally by land area. Comprising 28 states and 8 union territories, each endowed with its own capital city, India's diverse landscape reflects its rich cultural heritage. These states and union territories, along with their respective capitals, are further subdivided into districts and subdivisions, facilitating efficient governance and administration.
How many union territories are there in India in 2024?
Complete List of India's 8 Union Territories: Presently, India comprises 8 union territories. Following the reorganization, the state of Jammu & Kashmir transitioned into a separate union territory, while Ladakh was established as an independent union territory, carved out from Jammu & Kashmir.
4. Are there any states or union territories with special status?
Yes, certain regions in India have special status due to historical, geographical, or political reasons. For example, Jammu and Kashmir had special autonomous status under Article 370 of the Indian Constitution until it was abrogated in 2019.
What is the capital of each state and union territory?
Each state and union territory in India has its own capital city. For example, the capital of Andhra Pradesh is Amaravati, while the capital of Delhi is New Delhi.
Which is the largest union territory of India in 2024?
Jammu and Kashmir, spanning an area of 125,535 km², holds the title of the largest Union Territory in India, followed by Ladakh with 96,701 km² and Andaman and Nicobar with 8,249 km². Jammu and Kashmir obtained Union territory status on 31st October 2019, prior to which Andaman and Nicobar held the distinction of being the largest UT.
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